PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.